Treatment and Management of Shyness in Children Essay

Treatment and Management of Shyness in Children Research and studies have found that shyness in children could be due to genetic, temperamental, and environmental influences (Jaffe, 1991, p. 270, Zimbardo 1995, p. 56). This paper aims to discuss the types of shyness, the influences on shyness, the difference between normal and problematic shyness. Lastly, strategies will be presented to help the shy child. The basic feeling of shyness is a common problem not only among children but also among adults. According to Zimbardo (1995, p.56-57) and Jaffe (1995, p. 270), shyness is a mix of emotions, including fear and interest, tension and pleasantness. A shy child may display in his/her†¦show more content†¦As the child gains cognitive advances in self-awareness, it brings on greater social sensitivity in the second year. Self-conscious shyness, at times feeling embarrassed, begins to appear at 4 or 5 years in age. Self-consciousness peaks as the child enters into early adolescence (Berk, 2002). What kind of situations or influences causes children shyness? New social encounters are the most frequent causes of shyness, especially if the child feels himself/herself to be the focus of attention. Zimbardo (1995, p. 108) explains that shyness has been attributed to the â€Å"rapidly change social environment and competitive pressures of school and work with which children and adults must cope.† Researchers have implicated both nurture and nature in children shyness. Some aspects of shyness are learned. Children’s cultural background and family environment model different aspects of social behaviour. Reid and Vans (1989, p.199-218) have found that Children of the sociocentric society have been found to be more quiet, shy and less vocal than the Caucasians and Americans who are egocentric and uphold independency and individualistic ideals. Feldman (2003, p.326-327) explain that hereditary temperament may play an important part in shyness. Children whose parents are sociable and competently communicative are more outspoken and outgoing in their personalityShow MoreRelatedTheatrical Application For Theatrical Work1658 Words   |  7 Pagesthe beneficial impact that participation in theatrical programs can have on just about anyone. I myself have gained from participation. The benefits of theater are many and can range from developing personal and professional skills, to conquering shyness, and even to therapeutic applications. In order to discuss the multiple benefits that theater has to offer, I must first describe briefly what exactly is involved in the theatrical process. Reading Indiana University of Pennsylvania’s course descriptionsRead Morecompetency statement 3780 Words   |  4 PagesRequirements Enrolled in approved Child Care Program, CIP 19.0708, or FCS Child Development course Able to speak, read and write well enough to fulfill CDA Requirements Completed 120 clock hours of formal education Completed 480 Hours working with children Signed Ethical Code of Conduct Statement Professional Resource File Autobiography Statements of Competence – Goal I Statements of Competence – Goal II Statements of Competence – Goal III Statements of Competence – Goal IV Statements of CompetenceRead MoreIs Narcissism A Narcissistic Personality Disorder ( Npd )1645 Words   |  7 Pagesthem into showing more hostility, envy, and even resentment that could lead to Narcissistic Identity Issues. Although we know that a parent can lack in providing for the needs of their kids, yet other guardians are unrealistically doting over their children instilling a sense of uniqueness, which can have a similar impact. Another circumstance that can influence a child is being raised in an environment where status and success is of extraordinary significance. These cases can bring about animosityRead MoreEffect of laziness to academic performance5596 Words   |  23 Pagesyour voice in control? What sound does your voice make? What kind of impression does your voice make? When working with teachers on their voices, classroom management is always an issue. Young people’s listening skills appear to be a common problem and teacher’s struggles to make t hemselves heard in some classrooms. Difficulties in class management can result from the lack of knowledge the teachers have about the effect of their voice in their pupils. A voice and body that appeared uncontrolled canRead MoreSocial Anxiety And Its Effects On The World1738 Words   |  7 Pagesassociated perturbed neural pathways. Albeit many homogeneous attributes between dejection in adolescence and despondence in adulthood subsist, in adolescents the utilization of antidepressants is of concern and opinions about clinical management are divided. Efficacious treatments are available, but culls are dependent on despondence rigor and available resources. Obviation strategies targeted at high-risk groups are promising. Despite the ecumenical consequentiality of despondence in adolescence, manyRead MoreMananaging Social Anxiety Disorder1491 Words   |  6 PagesSAD. The paper will take a look at the types of SAD and the causes of SAD. Thereafter it will focus on the signs and symptoms of SAD and lastly it will examine the possible ways of managing SAD. AIM 5. The aim of this paper is to discuss the management of SAD. TYPES OF SAD 6. There are two main types of SAD. They are: a. Generalised SAD. b. Specific SAD. 7. Generalised SAD. A generalized SAD refers to fears associated with most social and performance situations such as speakingRead MoreGenetics Synthesis: Marfan Syndrome Essay1514 Words   |  7 Pagesor later in childhood or adulthood. On one end of the spectrum is severe neonatal presentation with rapidly progressive disease, while on the other end isolated phenotypic features may be the only presenting signs. Life expectancy, with proper management, approximates to that of the general population. Growth, Development Musculoskeletal attributes: excessive linear growth of the long bones, increased arm-span-to-height ratio, arachnodactyly (elongation of hand bones and fingers), paucityRead MoreEssay on Internet Addiction Disorder4686 Words   |  19 Pagesdeveloped to help in diagnosis. Diagnosis criteria are being formulated. Patterns in and researched. There has been an international congress to discuss the disorder and what is being done for treatment around the world. This paper will review the information on research findings, diagnostics, and the treatments that are being used. It will also examine information as to the very nature of the internet what seems to give it the power to pull people into addiction. Explaining Internet Addiction Read MoreEssay about Selective Mutism in Adolescents2065 Words   |  9 Pagesextent it should be considered a learning disability. Selective mutism is not common to be seen in classrooms as only 3-.7% of children display symptoms. These children are often afraid of speaking to strangers, avoid new social situations, and show distress when they are put into a new environment. Some researchers note that these symptoms are similar to those seen in children with social anxiety disorders (Yeganeh, et al., 2003). The similarities between the selective mutism and social anxiety haveRead MoreSociety’s Most Recent Scapegoat: Video Gaming1637 Words   |  7 Pagesin theaters were popular amongst children and young adults, the blame for unfavorable behavior has always had its scapegoat. One of the most recent additions to society’s scapegoats is video gaming. Whether the objective of a given game is to fight crime or cause it, the morality of video games is often questioned and scrutinized by analysts and citizens alike. People like Amanda Schaffer, a staff writer for the Internet magazine Slate, will explain that â€Å"children who are immersed in the world of

The Lifetime Of Manual Labor Essay - 1686 Words

Lifetime of Manual Labor After over fifteen years of telecom experience, which included climbing cellular towers, sweating in the heat, freezing in the cold, and working over 60 hours a week with little to no appreciation while spending weeks away from family and friends all came down to one final phone call. It was July of 2016; I was in the Virginia Mountains, and the air felt heavy enough to cut with a knife. I was working for a company where I have known the owner of for over eight years and I had thought that the Project Manager was a close personal friend of mine. The owner had originally asked me to come on board to bring some leadership and if possible, make the second crew profitable. Not long after I had joined the company, the owner confided in me that the PM (my close friend) had been struggling with the main duty of his position: accurately quoting jobs to maximize profitability. Over the course of several weeks the boss became more and more frustrated with the project manager due to a lack of progress - or maybe a lack of desire to come up with an alternative solution to his inability to quote jobs accurately. At this point the owner approached me with a possible resolution, in the event that the project manager was terminated; could I find profitable work, and would I be able to carry out his responsibilities? I thought it over and explained that I understood his position, but in the end I declined. I didn’t appreciate the situation he was putting me:Show MoreRelatedHealth Care At The Healthcare Industry1684 Words   |  7 Pagesrequires able-bodied employees to carry out highly skilled tasks. Lifetime Care, a home health and hospice agency, is a subsidiary of Excellus Blue Cross Blue Shield. The Agency provides professional medical care to homebound patients. With over 1500 employees, the Human Resources Department (HR) actively hires medical professionals and paraprofessionals through advisements, employee referrals, and community reputation. Lifetime Care’s patient satisfaction is driven by a competent, caring staffRead MoreInside Look At The Prison Industrial Complex1484 Words   |  6 Pagestheir lifetimes, but when the data is broken down by race, 44 out of every 1000 white men will be incarcerated but, 285 out of every 1000 African American men will be incarcerated in their lifetimes (Smith and Hattery 9). The prison industrial system materially and morally impoverishes its inhabitants and devours the social wealth needed to address the very problems that had led to spiraling number of prisoners. One of the major reasons the Pic exists is because of the need for prison labor and howRead MoreThe Painful Truth About Back Injuries Essay1414 Words   |  6 PagesBy becoming educated on the risk factors that cause back injuries, a majority of the general population can prevent agonizing and potentially disabling pain during their lifetimes. Back injuries can occur gradually over time as a result of trauma caused by repetitive activity or can result from a single traumatic event (Back). The signs and symptoms of a back injury may include pain when trying to assume a normal posture, decreased mobility, and pain when standing from a seated position (Back)Read MoreHuman Trafficking and Slavery880 Words   |  4 PagesWorldwide slavery was prohibited during the late 1920’s. Although slavery is prohibited, millions of victims are forced into captivity. Victims are often kidnapped and forced into a lifetime of servitude and prostitution. Other victims of slavery are lured by t he promise of a better life. These victims are forced into cruel labor and prostitution (CQ Researcher 2010). Many of the victims are young children and women. According to CQ Researcher 2010, slavery is the world’s third largest illegal businessRead MoreThe Progressive Era Of Chicago1177 Words   |  5 Pagesreforms that affected the entity of the way the United States went about reforming. Jane Addams revolutionized many aspects in the Progressive Era from the movements of suffrage, child labor, welfare, settlement houses, and other aspects in social reform. Adams recognized the problem of child labor while she was over the Hull House. In Addams book Twenty Year at Hull House, they discovered â€Å"during the Christmas season that many children were not eating their Christmas candy. Later, AddamsRead MoreIncome Inequality And Poverty989 Words   |  4 Pagesstrongly affected by education attainment, technology, and gender. One of the reasons for income inequality is education. The more education you have, the higher chance one has to making more money. Based on information provided by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, â€Å"earnings increase and unemployment decreases as educational attainment rises† (Vilario 2016). Figure 1 (Earnings and unemployment rates by educational attainment) As shown in Figure 1, the lowest employment rate is 1.5% and that correspondsRead MoreThroughout Our Journey In Lps 35 We Have Been Debating1330 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout our journey in LPS 35 we have been debating law and how it influences society, and how society influences law. What we have not deliberated in class is what brought about the end of slavery; was it because technology was out-pacing manual labor with the introduction of the steam engine, or could it have been that society was warming up to the idea of abolishing because they found slavery distasteful? Of these two theories, I strongly favor technological advancement out-dating slavery,Read MoreThe Costs Of Geothermal Power Plant1651 Words   |  7 Pagesdrilling a well is $5 million, so the total of drilling cost will be $90 million. 8.1.3 Power Plant Construction Cost The construction cost mainly contains the plant construction equipment costs, turbine costs, installation costs, materials costs, labor costs, cooling structure costs and other infrastructure related costs. Our project chooses the Mitsubishi Modular-25 geothermal turbines, which costs $3000/kW [2]. In our plan, we assume the construction cost is $65 million. 8.1.4 Grid Connection CostRead MoreThe Decline Of Job Tenure1631 Words   |  7 Pagesof male job tenure stratified by age group shows that as the mean age of the group increases, so does the average job tenure (Hipple, Sok, Bureau of Labor Statistics). One reason that may explain this is that the mentality of youth in America has changed significantly. At one time the expectation of an occupation was that it would last for a lifetime, however, this mentality has slowly drifted towards multiple occupations being more common than before. In addition, as the baby boomer generation retiresRead MoreObstructed by the Trash Can Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesIn the 1950s, African American men had the greatest opportunity of finding employment doing manual labor such as this. This is because most white employers believed that African American men were only superior to white men in their capacity for manual labor. In fact, â€Å"the vast majority [of employers] said that the Negro employe e has little opportunity for being hired at any sort of work except manual labor† (Wilson and Gilmore 701). For this reason, society shaped Troy’s self-definition by limiting

New Orleans’ economy is very dependant on the tourism and lodging industry Free Essays

New Orleans’ economy is very dependant on the tourism and lodging industry. In the past couple of years this industry in New Orleans has declined. In 1996 the city hosted 12 million tourists and conventioneers and they spent close to $4 billion. We will write a custom essay sample on New Orleans’ economy is very dependant on the tourism and lodging industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now The average daily room rate was $105. The September 11 attacks had a huge affect on the tourism industry. Although the economy in New Orleans is rising, the number of tourist each year has dropped dramatically. This past year New Orleans hosted an estimated 7.995 million visitors. This is approximately the same number as they hosted in 1991, meaning the increase in visitors throughout the nineties has been abolished. On the positive side, these 8 million visitors spent an approximate $4.5 billion on hotel rooms, food, drinks, entertainment, and shopping. This figure is actually higher than that spent by the 12 million visitors in 1996. This $4.5 billion created 2.9 billion in revenue and helped support more than 138,000 are jobs. New Orleans has done a great job in compensating for the decline in the tourism industry. Because of the lack of visitors they have simply made it more expensive for the guests they do receive. The current average daily room rate for New Orleans’ hotels is about $170. Average airfare from Denver to New Orleans is $400. Even though these prices are so high, the great thing about New Orleans is that no matter what day of the year visitors can always find free events. All of this contributes to what should be a very profitable 2004. How to cite New Orleans’ economy is very dependant on the tourism and lodging industry, Papers

I Just Wanna Be Average free essay sample

â€Å"I Just Wanna Be Average† By: Mike Rose Summary: In the story â€Å"I Just Wanna Be Average† the author Mike Rose argues that society very often neglects and doesn’t see the full value and potential of students. As a student you’re not the only that is frustrated. Rose explains how even dealing with the issues and difficulty of a highly respected professor you can still somehow find comfort as a student and learn to deal with the issues of the professor in your own way. Rose also points out that the impact a teacher has on his or her students is very powerful.I know from experience that when you as a student can respect and relate to a teacher your more willing to put as much effort as you can into your own work. Rose proves with his points throughout the story that students who are not as well off as others can’t be understood. We will write a custom essay sample on I Just Wanna Be Average or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Analysis: Ethos: Seeing Rose’s credibility in his story this quote was mentioned â€Å"I see nothing (in proposed regulations) for people striving for higher standards† meaning that he doesn’t see any reasoning to put all these rules and situations on someone’s plate if they are trying to better themselves or pushing for higher standards.Rose also clearly believes that every single student have a right and can reach their maximum potential, and rise to their own expectations. As Rose himself states most teachers and professors have no idea the extent or how to reach a child’s imagination who is just â€Å"In their own mind. † Students should always take blame and control of their own education, but teachers and professors should also be setting higher standards for students because as Professor Rose stated the students will ise to the standard you set for them. How did Jones do this? Hmmmm.    No. No, that wont work. Your attention wavers, with this being said I see Rose’s point if teachers would make these remedial classes more exciting students would begin to understand the subjects a lot more and their minds wouldn’t wander as much. Pathos: Mr. Mike Rose was placed into this vocational track â€Å"on accident†, because the school had made an error with his last name and another person with the same last name.The students in this track were often labeled as â€Å"unruly, and not motivated† and of course the parents and students are faced with embarrassment which can be tragic just from an error this school had made. If Professor Rose had not taken that single Biology course his sophomore year in â€Å"Our Lady of Mercy† his educational career as a professor would not have been a success. It is always very important teachers understand the importance and responsibility of their role that is in these student’s everyday lives, they shape the way these st udents think, and understand everyday education we use.During the essay Ken Harvey mentions that he just wants to be average and considers himself to be below average while Rose is thinking to himself what an absurd comment it was. When an individual is constantly told that he or she is not smart they can’t do this or that it lowers their confidence and they actually start working at that level and not striving for the highest standard. Teachers and or professors have many responsibilities including the most important one which is knowing and making sure the student or child understands every single lesson they teach.Logos: Mike rose clearly demonstrates that teachers and students as well have to and must take active roles in any education program. Any type of person of education which can be a teacher, professor, teacher’s assistant, daycare provider, etc must meet needs of all of these children and students. On the other hand it is very critical for the students placed into these vocational track programs that these teachers change the way they instruct to meet the eeds of these students that are troubled and can’t quite understand subjects as well as other students, and make sure they u nderstand each and every bit of information given in lessons. Teachers must be prepared and competent so they can also provide their students with the skills necessary to be successful, no matter what program the student is in. Often times students potentials are not realized because they are mislabeled and teachers don’t take the time of day to understand these children.

Beowulf Is the Perfect Example of a Perfect Hero free essay sample

Throughout each of the battles, Beowulf demonstrated his unflawed characters every step of the way. Despite the conflicts that he faces, Beowulf displays all of the correct traits that make him the ideal epic hero. When Beowulf arrives in King Hrothgars kingdom, it is immediately evident that Beowulf has a tremendously large ego and very sure of himself in every regard. When in the hall with King Hrothgar and his men, Beowulf is boasting about his past accomplishments. Although it may seem like a cocky and over-confident thing to do, the Anglo-Saxon traditions regard it as being prideful. To boast is a way of establishing ones greatness and is encouraged as a way to spread renown. As Beowulf continues to boast, Unferth, a jealous warrior, begins to ridicule Beowulf about a contest he had lost in the past. Beowulf responds by saying: The fact is, Unferth, if you were truly as keen and courageous as you claim to be Grendel would never have got away with such unchecked atrocity. We will write a custom essay sample on Beowulf Is the Perfect Example of a Perfect Hero or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Beowulf then continues by simply telling his side of the story, which reveals that he had fought numerous monsters and made the seas safe for fishermen before he finished the contest. This makes Beowulf an even greater hero as he is able to belittle a warrior who is showing disrespect while further growing his own reputation. Beowulfs confidence is another one of the main traits that made him the epic hero that he is. At the beginning of the epic, the horrible creature, Grendel begins to attack the men of the town. Grendel was much more powerful and fierce than any other person. That was until Beowulf stepped in and decided to fight the horrible creature. During the encounter however, Beowulf elected not to use any type of weapon. Although a sword was readily available for Beowulfs use, he decided to fight the mighty Grendel with his bare hands. It is explained that no weapon was of affect on Grendels robust self, but since it had not been tried before, one would think a weapon would be able to pierce  through a beasts  skin, thus taking away Grendels life. However, Beowulfs ego was so immense that he decided not to utilize a weapon of any nature. Beowulfs previous victorious battle experiences led him to believe that his  power  with a sword would definitely be sufficient enough to kill Grendel, but Beowulf wanted it to be a fair fight. Since Grendel was not using a weapon, Beowulf also chose not to use to one. After ripping off Grendels arm during the great battle, Beowulf becomes successful in the fight. As Grendel retreats away from the Mead Hall and dies, Beowulf takes the severed arm and hangs the monsters arm and claw over the rafters of Hrothgars Great Hall. This act is a further example of Beowulfs tremendous ego and confidence. The victory boosts Beowulfs confidence through the roof and makes him believe that he is invulnerable to anything that stands in his path. Beowulf begins to truly believe that he is indestructible. On top of Beowulfs super-human ego and confidence, bravery is one of the key traits of Beowulfs epic heroism. Upon the defeat of Grendel, another problem arises in the kingdom. Grendels mother, angered by her sons defeat, decides to begin attacking the kingdom herself in a furious tirade. As the attack commences, other warriors from the kingdom launch a counter-attack and cause Grendels mother to retreat back to her underwater lair. Before retreating however, Grendels mother kidnaps Aeschere who happens to be Hrothgars trusted advisor. Upon hearing the news of Aescheres kidnapping, Beowulf springs into action without hesitation. By deciding to follow Grendels mother back to her lair to not only save the kings advisor, but to slay Grendels mother as well, Beowulf displays his uncanny wit to pursue an enemy without fear or concern for his own well-being. He swim to the bottom of the underwater lair and battled the mighty creature. After a long fight, Beowulf emerges victorious and returns to Herot with the head of the beast. During the fight, Beowulf extensively exemplified his bravery. The cave, as it turned out to be, was enchanted and rendered all of Beowulfs weapons useless. However, without panicking or losing his collectedness, Beowulf maintained fearless and remained focused. He eventually found a magical sword in which he used to behead Grendels mother. When faced with turmoil, Beowulf hung onto his bravery and became victorious. Instances showing Beowulfs superhuman strength are regularly  repeated throughout the poem and are important when contributing to his epic heroism. Each of the examples not only describe Beowulfs feat, but also mention how no other single man could complete the task. During the battle with Grendel, other Geats leap to Beowulfs aid, but their weapons are useless against Grendels tough hide and devious spells that blunted every mortal mans blade. Despite this overwhelming conflict, Beowulf still manages to rip Grendels arm off at the shoulder, using only his hands and beastly strength. A second strong example of his super-human strength comes during his battle with Grendels mother. After the enchantments rendered his weapons useless, Beowulf discovers the magical sword that he is able to use to kill her. The poem describes this sword as so massive that no ordinary man could lift its carved and decorated length. Not only does Beowulf manage to lift it from the wall, he also manages to swing it hard enough to cut off Grendels mothers head with it. Lastly, but certainly not least, a third example of his superhuman strength comes when Beowulf makes the presentation of Grendels head to Hrothgar and the Danes. After killing Grendels mother, Beowulf was still filled with rage over the killings in the Mead Hall. Eventually he decides after the body of the already deceased Grendel and cut off his head with the giant-forged sword. Although it took four men to carry the head on spears back to Herot, Beowulf single-handedly tossed the head down on the table. Beowulfs super-human strength is one of the key factors that make him an epic hero. Without his strength, his ability as a warrior would not be as great and his leadership would be more challenged. Another big characteristic that makes Beowulf an epic hero is his pride. The importance of pride is very relevant in Beowulfs life. Its an issue of supernal importance. Beowulf had Grendel in his hands, but no matter how strong Beowulf was, the demon escaped missing only an arm. Grendel would soon die in his lair because of blood loss, but Beowulf was unhappy that he could not stretch Grendels body on the floor. Even though Beowulf had done enough damage to take down the beast, he was still angry at the fact that he was not able to present the body to his fellow peers. This is a big example of Beowulfs overwhelming pride. The Anglo-Saxons believed that pride was a measure of one’s success in life. Warriors who were victorious in battle were prideful due to their achievements. The strongest and most successful warriors were even elected leader. Since the leaders were the best of the best, they were the most prideful men of the time. This Anglo-Saxon passion for pride is seen throughout Beowulf. The battle with the monster results in the inflation of Beowulf’s pride and his renown as a warrior. Since Beowulf defeated a monster that no other man could kill, Beowulf is immediately heralded as a hero. Beowulf’s pride and respect both drastically increase after his fight with Grendel.

Using Facebook for Entry-Level and Advanced Writing Jobs

Using Facebook for Entry-Level and Advanced Writing Jobs Want entry-level writing jobs almost sure to accept you? Trawl Facebook. It was Facebook that handed me my first portfolio samples, including a gig on tasers and guns. The proprietor of that store taught me how to defend myself ( More recently and unknown to most Facebook also shoved off its very first Jobs for Facebook whose ads target more experienced writers. So, if you’re looking for a gig at either end of the spectrum, Facebook’s the place for you! Facebook for entry-level freelancers   Visit Facebook to locate the following: entry-level writing jobs, evergreen writing gigs, and writing jobs that average three to seven cents per word. To date, Facebook has more than 2.27 billion monthly active users, and, occasionally, one of these users mentions their need for a writer. You can be first on their rosters with the following steps: 1. Type your search words into Facebook’s search tab. My favorite words include hiring writers, â€Å"looking for writers, writer† + (your niche), â€Å"seeking writers†. Also try â€Å"looking for content/ marketing writers/ bloggers† and synonyms like â€Å"contract† and â€Å"remote†. I avoid the popular â€Å"writers wanted† and â€Å"writers needed†, since these tend to spit up spam or bulk ads from sites like Upwork. 2. Next, see â€Å"Posts† in the upper margin? Run down and select the following: Posts From (Anyone) Post Type† (All Posts) â€Å"Posted in Group† (Any Group) â€Å"Tagged Locations (Anywhere). Date Posted Toggle the arrow option at â€Å"Choose a Date.† In contrast to regular listed jobs that get snatched fast, job mentions on Facebook tend to linger, so I backtrack my search 3. As an alternative, I try Date Posted (Any Date) with search words that include the word â€Å"always.† Example: always looking for writers (content producers) (bloggers) etc. This prods a stream of great evergreen jobs. Middle to advanced freelance writers. Summer 2017, Facebook launched a new option for personnel recruiters, called Jobs on Facebook.   Here’s where you find job openings from entities like marketing and PR agencies, publishing outlets and B2B or B2C companies. Just as LinkedIn has its job postings, these are those of Facebook. Apparently, Facebook refused to design this site with freelancers in mind, but I’ve found a way around it. 1. Go to Jobs on Facebook, and type in synonyms for writer in the Jobs on Facebook search tab. (Note: don’t use the search tab on the top of page; it redirects you to your FB homepage). I tend to use terms like â€Å"writer,† freelance writer, content strategist, marketing strategist, and SEO content writer. Forget synonyms like â€Å"looking for,† â€Å"hiring,† and the like. 2. Fill in â€Å"Location† in the box underneath the search function. Here’s where it gets tricky if you want to trawl the globe, or, at least, America. My solution? Track where your clients tend to come from and experiment. Most of my U.S. clients come from New York, Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Chicago, so I type in the names of each of those regions and browse respective results. Jobs on Facebook, also, has major UK cities and several Canadian provinces but expect little more for countries outside North America. 3. As your last step, select the Contract button under â€Å"Job Type.† This is   my substitute for â€Å"freelancer.† After becoming more familiar with Jobs on Facebook, you’ll notice most positions want in-site writers or are managerial and executive. Some of the search results, too, are wacky. Evidently, the platform’s still got a way to go. Still, here and there, you find some gems, like this delectable one I found today. (Just look at that pay!) Your turn!

Funding a Non-profit Community Book Festival in a Major United States Essay

Funding a Non-profit Community Book Festival in a Major United States City - Essay Example The festival also aims to showcase writers and their works to fulfill part of their organizational mission. To achieve so, it is essential for managers to investigate into and conceptualize the determinants for nonprofits improved performance which are their strategy styles and organizational structure (e.g. boards, constitutions and volunteers) in their respective prevailing environment (e.g. economical recent recession, public confidence, state/ county laws). Based upon perceptions of the environment (e.g., economy recent conditions, state legislation and public confidence) and organizational attributes (e.g., values and capabilities), managers of nonprofit organizations strategize to improve the performance of their organization by interpreting and framing the environment, developing and implementing programs and services, and creating processes and structures to monitor and control resources for successful deliverance of organizational goals. Improved performance is associated with organizations that systematically adhere to such takings (Ketchen et al., 1997; Miles, Snow, Mathews, Miles, & Coleman, 1997). This means organizational structure has been linked to performance improvements (Harris & Ruefli, 2000; Kushner & Poole, 1996). Conceptual understanding of strategy in nonprofit organizations is becoming more sophisticated to better reflect the unique character of nonprofit organizations (e.g., Backman, Grossman, & Rangan, 2000). To illustrate so, nonprofits need to consider these factors: multiple stakeholders in resource development, the potential for collaborations, and the mixed influences of market forces that can lead to challenges in the process to develop and define product and service strategies. Strategy encompasses interpreting environmental conditions and designing systems to foster success. According to Miles and Snow (1978), the effectiveness of organizational adaptation hinges on the dominant coalition's perceptions of environmental conditions and the decisions it makes concerning how well the organization will cope with these conditions. Based on this definition, successful strategy is of tantamount contingency on appropriate interpretation of environmental conditions and organizational response to those conditions. Furthermore, the lack of uniformed consideration of strategic factors has lead to confusion and contradictory results associated with strategy and its impact on performance (Stone et al., 1999). Miles and Snow (1978) broke down the process of understanding strategy into how organizations interpret and respond to three problems: entrepreneurial, engineering, and administrative. The entrepreneurial problem addresses how the organization defines its "product or service and target market" (Miles & Snow, 1978, p. 21). For nonprofit organizations, this could include how broadly they conceptualize their community responsibility, which influences what services they provide; who they partner with; and who they serve. The engineering problem is developing an operational solution to delivering the services of the organization. This includes selection of a service delivery method (i.e., technology; Hasenfeld, 1983) and alignment of information and communication linkages necessary for effective

Obituary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Obituary - Essay Example The author of the essay stresses that he generated knowledge from learning especially from others and he realised that sharing ideas is a basic tenet of learning. Indeed, knowledge conquers fear and there is every reason to urge other people not to be deterred from pursuing their dreams by fear. he also believed that commitment is a virtue in as far as goal attainment is concerned. Everything comes through hard work and self determination. This reporter makes a conclusion that he is glad to state that he could communicate at all levels and he possessed excellent problem solving skills. When confronted with a problem, he would first brainstorm the situation in order to come up with meaningful solutions. After scanning the situation, he would then select the best possible solution that could be implemented so as to solve the problem. Finding the best solution to a tricky situation can be challenging but critical thinking is required when faced with such a scenario. The other thing that he can be remembered for is that he has been a good mentor. he would always assist others who need his help so that they can also be great achievers. In everything he did, his motto was: â€Å"Forward ever, backward never.†

Information systems for management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Information systems for management - Essay Example The report will conclude the contribution of Information Systems in an organization along with the importance of authentic data, as the information system is based on the quality and size of captured data that need to be processed. As mentioned in summary, report will demonstrate a role of an information system in an organization that will capture or collect the data related to students attending Friday classes. The group of students is specified as ‘surrogate users’. Consequently, the project sponsor of this group i.e. the tutor, constructed a data entry system that will collect information from surrogate users related to personal data, transport data and the data that is collected up to five weeks. Information system is defined as â€Å"data converted into something valuable and usable for certain user† (, DEFINITION OF INFORMATION SYSTEM). As for this project, a platform named as Joint Application Development (JAD) is constructed within the system consisting of members of the group. For making the process efficient, Tuchman’s model is the best option along with processing of three elements before performing i.e. storming, forming and norming. The project includes different roles of different JAD member within different stages of the project. The JAD members include users, Information technology professionals and consultants. The different roles at different stages of the project were helpful in terms of data capturing quality and authentication. Moreover, it also facilitated real world scenarios over and above the value. Data evaluation was conducted by collecting data from forms in order to use them to develop charts illustrating linkages between queries along with demographics and statistics of users of the system. Moreover, the charts and demographics also demonstrated patterns of human behavior on the system. Furthermore, continuous analyses were performed to examine the system for further improvements and suggestions. The name of the project will be titles as Transport System. Data Capture and Discussions If the data is not in an organized form, it will be difficult to retrieve information and knowledge from the data sources. In order to make the data useful, it must be easily accessible, quick retrievable and effectively manageable. In order to add these values to the data, it must be captures in a logical method. In figure 1, as shown in appendices, data capturing was processed through a personal detail form including attributes such as Full name, Gender and Date of birth. After entering the data, it was stored in the form of tables as Microsoft Access stores the data in the table and in a readable format, as shown in Figure 3 in appendices. After entering the data, daily student travel form was constructed, as shown in Figure 2 in appendices. On a weekly basis, the form was incorporated with travel modes, travel comments and travel modes. Quality The examination of data was based on its quality in ord er to portray real world scenarios to an extent. The system was efficient in demonstrating basic information related to the popular transport modes that were popular among specific genders. For instance, the tube was popular for males along with thirteen men using the tube. Although, tubes were most popular for females with twenty-two women using the tube. However, to adopt real world scenarios, detailed inputs were required. For instance, weather forecast information, travelling of someone from somewhere etc. As people were usually late to reach to destination for many different reasons, a data check box in the system indicating

Primary Health Care for Diabetes Treatment

Primary Health Care for Diabetes Treatment Ashley Suy Molly is a married 82-year-old woman who is diagnosed with Type II Diabetes and has developed a leg ulcer on her lower left leg. The effects of having leg ulcers impacts Molly’s physical, mental and social health. Physically, Molly’s mobility has declined. She is unable to walk as with every step she takes it causes pain. A lack of physical activity, such as walking has led to weight gain as she has been advised to sit with her leg up as much as possible to speed up the healing process. Molly’s mental well-being would be negatively impacted as she will be mentally stressed from dealing with the leg ulcer and having no mobility to do day-to-day tasks. This disenables her to have independence as she relies on Pat, her husband, to do simple tasks for her as she is immobile which may lead to guilt for relying on him to assist her with daily tasks. The leg ulcer along with immobility will inflict negative effects on Molly’s social health. Not being able to go out to see her friends and her loved ones or spend time outside of home with Pat will cause an abundant amount of stress which will gradually lead to depression. The issues that will be primarily focused on are, Primary Health Care relating to Molly’s Leg ulcer, Principles of Wellness, the Wellness Model, Type 2 Diabetes in regards to Molly’s condition and how an Enrolled Nurse will support Pat through a time of distress of grieving and bereavement. Primary Health Care (PHC) is the primary contact of accessing health care and it is based on the needs of individuals and the country. It focuses on practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and resources that are made universal for people and families at an affordable cost that individuals and the country can afford to assist with their individual growth and development to maintain a healthy life (Koutoukidis, Stainton, Hughson, 2013, pp. 85-86). Since PHC is based on providing appropriate resources for individuals, Molly should be educated on the different types of services that will allow her to treat her health problem effectively. Some services include, home carers, community service, counsellors and online websites such as Diabetes Australia. As Molly suffers from a Leg ulcer she is evidently unable to participate in her regular community activities like she once use too. PHC encourages services that are scientifically sound and socially acceptable – as well as, relevant to the client. A way that PHC can be beneficial for her is through a home visiting service or physiologists that is subsidised by Medicare. PHC supports the involvement of a multidisciplinary team – integration of services that will assist Molly in the healing process. Nurses, dieticians, physiologist, podiatrists and GPs are the most appropriate types of multidisciplinary members. This team will educate her, Pat and her family with informa tion of diabetes, leg ulcers, proper nutrition, appropriate exercises and activities to promote her health as well as preventing future hospitalisation or illness exacerbations. ‘Wellness’ according to Student Health and Counselling Services (SHCS) (https://shcs.ucdavis.edu/wellness/) ‘is an active process of becoming aware of and making choices towards a healthy and fulfilling life’. The wellness model is a framework that individuals use to become aware of the interconnectedness of each dimension of the wheel and how they play a significant factor to healthy living. The Wellness Model consists of six dimensions: physical, social, intellectual, spiritual, emotional and occupational (Hettler, 1976). A principle of wellness is ‘the self is the only true healer’. This refers to the health professionals assisting individuals during the healing process. However, it is primarily up to ones’ body and mind to heal– as well as allowing time for full recovery. (Hoppers Institute, n.d). Another principle of wellness is ‘Prevention eliminates the need for treatment’. This simply means that the prevention of wellness should predominantly be focused on a solution or an outcome to eliminate the problem so there would not be a need for treatment. These principles apply to Molly as she has health professionals that help facilitate the healing process with dressing the wound three times a week and advising her to recover at home which is allowing time to pass by to allow full recovery. Prevention eliminates the need for treatment principle relates to Molly because she needs to limit the chances of leg ulcers from reoccurring again in the future. So, with a mixture of moderate exercise and a healthy diet it would minimise leg ulcers from occurring again. Another effective way to limit the chances of developing leg ulcers again is by using compression socks or hosiery to allow adequate blood circulation in the leg, thus preventing leg wounds. (Kenny, 2013) Type 2 Diabetes is insulin that is either, unable to produce what the body needs or the cells in the body are unable to use the existing insulin effectively (also known as, insulin resistance). (Falvo, 2014) According to Diabetes Australia (http://www.diabetesaustralia.com.au/Understanding-Diabetes/Diabetes-in-Australia/) an estimated 280 Australian’s develop Diabetes every day. It is the most common form of diabetes, affecting 85 – 90% of all people with diabetes. Although it usually affects adults over the age of 45, it is now affecting younger people even children as young as 3. Research has shown that women over the age of 45 and overweight are more susceptible to getting diabetes. Molly has been diagnosed with type 2 diabetic for 17 years. What happens in the body of a diabetic person is that the pancreas which controls glucose in the body makes less insulin (a hormone). However, if the existing cells in the body are unable to effectively use insulin, it makes it difficult to keep blood glucose levels (BGL) in an optimum range. The pancreatic cells cannot use existing insulin effectively thus, why she has been prescribed oral medication to control her blood glucose lev el. Diabetes contribute to leg ulcers as fatty substances called atheroma develops on the inside lining of the arteries reducing blood flow to various parts of the body. The most commonly affected area is the arteries in the legs – causing a decrease in blood supply to the feet (Kenny, 2014). Diabetic retinopathy is the most common diabetic eye disease. It is caused by changes in the blood vessels of the retina. Blood vessels in the eye may swell, or leak fluid. In some people, abnormal new blood vessels grow on the surface of the retina. A learning program for Molly’s Leg ulcer is a crucial factor in educating her on the prevention of reoccurring leg ulcers. Some teaching methods that would be used are verbal discussions about Diabetes, her eating habits, exercising routine and lifestyle. Since she has put on weight, she feels tired and unwell. A dietician and a local GP will work together to review current blood and other tests that will be mixed together to come up with a suitable diet plan. The dietician will then provide Molly with written information that she will be able to take home to follow, thus achieving her physical health. (Dieticians Associated of Australia, 2014) Another method of teaching is through a physiologist who can demonstrate various low to mild exercise routines where the activities are suitable and safe to follow as well as assist with Molly’s current immobility (Allied Health Profession Australia [AHPA], 2010). As mental health for Molly is a risk factor, beyond blue encourages that maintaining connections with friends, family and the community can prevent feelings of loneliness and isolation and help to stay mentally healthy (Beyond Blue, 2013). This first link is a publication regarding leg ulcers and how to care for them, thus educating Molly on Leg ulcers. Molly will need to read this publication to understand it or have a relative or health professional explain it to her. http://www.awma.com.au/publications/vlu_patient_info_a4_2012-08-21.pdf The second resource that Molly can learn from is the Leg Ulcer Prevention Program (LUPP) which is an electronic multimedia client education package for people receiving care regarding leg ulcers. The program is delivered at home via a nurse’s personal computer, so Molly will not have to move too much. Also, she can listen and watch the multimedia. (Kapp, S; Miller, C; and Donohue, L, 2010) Grief and loss are two major feelings that Pat has encountered as Molly passed. Grief is a response to loss. People experience grief differently; some may go through sadness, anger, anxiety, disbelief, panic, relief or even numbness. (Healey, 2010) To relieve Pat’s grief, an Enrolled Nurse would offer basic reassurance that he is not alone, an opportunity for him to talk about the loss of his wife, encourage him to seek help from other resources if he needs, such as psychologists, counsellors, or mental health services. The Australian Centre for Grief and Bereavement (ACGB) offers support groups that will help participants in many ways. Some of the groups that they offer are Bereaved Partners, Death of a Parent, For Men, Pet Loss and many more. ACGB also shares stories of other people that have gone through loss (Australian Centre for Grief Bereavement, n.d). Another service available is the ‘Compassionate Friends Victoria’, a group that offers ‘men’s space’ where bereaved men go along and discuss issues together. (Compassionate Friends Victoria, 2014) Primary Health care along with the Wellness Model play a major role in the quality of life that Molly has experienced. Type 2 Diabetes has a major affect on Molly’s health, thus contributed to leg ulcers. Pat will gradually move on from grieving over the loss of his wife with the help of support groups. Word Count: 1591 References Donna R. Falvo.(2014). Medical and Psychosocial Aspects of Chronic Illness and Disability (Ed. 5) (p.377) Beyond Blue (2013). Older People and Depression. Retrieved from: http://www.beyondblue.org.au/resources/for-me/older-people hopperinstitue.com. (n.d.).Principles of wellness. Retrieved from http://www.hopperinstitute.com/wellness.html Diabetes Australia (2013). Type II Diabetes. Retrieved from: http://www.diabetesaustralia.com.au/Understanding-Diabetes/Diabetes-in-Australia/ Bill Hettler, MD. (1976). The Six Dimensions of Wellness Model. Retrieved from http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.nationalwellness.org/resource/resmgr/docs/sixdimensionsfactsheet.pdf Gabrielle Koutoukidis., Kate Stainton., Jodie Hughson. (2013). Health promotion, education and wellness. In Elizabetch Coady Jane Coulcher (Ed.6), Tabbner’s Nursing Care (pp. 85-86). Tim Kenny. (2013).Venous Leg Ulcers. Retrieved from: http://www.patient.co.uk/health/venous-leg-ulcers-leaflet shcs.ucdavis.edu (n.d) Wellness. Retrieved from: https://shcs.ucdavis.edu/wellness/ compassionatefriendsvictoria.org.au.(2014). Retrieved from Compassionate Friends Victoria: http://www.compassionatefriendsvictoria.org.au/ grief.org.au. (n.d.).Grief.Retrieved from Australia Centre for Grief Bereavement: http://www.grief.org.au/grief_and_bereavement_support/understanding_grief/about_grief Justin Healey. (2010). Coping with Grief and Loss: Vol. 319.Coping with Grief and Loss. Australia: The Spinny Press.

John Donnes The Indifference :: Poets, Poetry, Prose

John Donne's "The Indifference" is a love poem that can be interpreted in a number of ways. Not only is the meaning of the text debatable, but the audience for which the poem was intended can be argued as well. The language Donne uses leaves room for the reader's imagination and intellect to take over and decide to whom he is talking and why. The author is writing to a specific audience for a specific reason, trying to convey his point through his verse. While not all people agree as to whom this poem is intended for or whom the speaker is actually talking to, I have a good understanding as to what Donne is trying to accomplish by writing "The Indifference" and whom the voice of the piece is actually talking to. The interpretation that I found to be most convincing is that he is speaking to a woman, who is by herself, and he is letting her know what kind of qualities (or lack there of) he is looking for. He is giving a disclaimer to her on the type of person he is and how he views relationships so she knows what she's getting herself into. The first stanza starts off with the speaker listing opposite character types. All of the types listed refer to different types of women, "Her whom the county formed, and whom the town" and "Her who still weeps with spongy eyes, / And her who is dry cork, and never cries". The speaker is not referring to one type of woman in particular, but to all women in general. He is telling the woman that he is addressing know just how many different types of woman he can or will potentially be interested in. Another interesting aspect of the first stanza is Donne's wording at the beginning of each line. He starts each with either "I can love" or "Her who". This is his passive way of informing the reader as to what type of woman he can and wants to love: any woman who is alive and willing to take a chance on him. It is not until the final two lines of the stanza that he actually puts any requirements as to what kind of a woman he specifically wants, "I can love her, and her, and you and you, / I can love any, so she be not true".

A Game of Thrones Chapter Six

Catelyn Of all the rooms in Winterfell's Great Keep, Catelyn's bedchambers were the hottest. She seldom had to light a fire. The castle had been built over natural hot springs, and the scalding waters rushed through its walls and chambers like blood through a man's body, driving the chill from the stone halls, filling the glass gardens with a moist warmth, keeping the earth from freezing. Open pools smoked day and night in a dozen small courtyards. That was a little thing, in summer; in winter, it was the difference between life and death. Catelyn's bath was always hot and steaming, and her walls warm to the touch. The warmth reminded her of Riverrun, of days in the sun with Lysa and Edmure, but Ned could never abide the heat. The Starks were made for the cold, he would tell her, and she would laugh and tell him in that case they had certainly built their castle in the wrong place. So when they had finished, Ned rolled off and climbed from her bed, as he had a thousand times before. He crossed the room, pulled back the heavy tapestries, and threw open the high narrow windows one by one, letting the night air into the chamber. The wind swirled around him as he stood facing the dark, naked and empty-handed. Catelyn pulled the furs to her chin and watched him. He looked somehow smaller and more vulnerable, like the youth she had wed in the sept at Riverrun, fifteen long years gone. Her loins still ached from the urgency of his lovemaking. It was a good ache. She could feel his seed within her. She prayed that it might quicken there. It had been three years since Rickon. She was not too old. She could give him another son. â€Å"I will refuse him,† Ned said as he turned back to her. His eyes were haunted, his voice thick with doubt. Catelyn sat up in the bed. â€Å"You cannot. You must not.† â€Å"My duties are here in the north. I have no wish to be Robert's Hand.† â€Å"He will not understand that. He is a king now, and kings are not like other men. If you refuse to serve him, he will wonder why, and sooner or later he will begin to suspect that you oppose him. Can't you see the danger that would put us in?† Ned shook his head, refusing to believe. â€Å"Robert would never harm me or any of mine. We were closer than brothers. He loves me. If I refuse him, he will roar and curse and bluster, and in a week we will laugh about it together. I know the man!† â€Å"You knew the man,† she said. â€Å"The king is a stranger to you.† Catelyn remembered the direwolf dead in the snow, the broken antler lodged deep in her throat. She had to make him see. â€Å"Pride is everything to a king, my lord. Robert came all this way to see you, to bring you these great honors, you cannot throw them back in his face.† â€Å"Honors?† Ned laughed bitterly. â€Å"In his eyes, yes,† she said. â€Å"And in yours?† â€Å"And in mine,† she blazed, angry now. Why couldn't he see? â€Å"He offers his own son in marriage to our daughter, what else would you call that? Sansa might someday be queen. Her sons could rule from the Wall to the mountains of Dorne. What is so wrong with that?† â€Å"Gods, Catelyn, Sansa is only eleven,† Ned said. â€Å"And Joffrey . . . Joffrey is . . . â€Å" She finished for him. † . . . crown prince, and heir to the Iron Throne. And I was only twelve when my father promised me to your brother Brandon.† That brought a bitter twist to Ned's mouth. â€Å"Brandon. Yes. Brandon would know what to do. He always did. It was all meant for Brandon. You, Winterfell, everything. He was born to be a King's Hand and a father to queens. I never asked for this cup to pass to me.† â€Å"Perhaps not,† Catelyn said, â€Å"but Brandon is dead, and the cup has passed, and you must drink from it, like it or not.† Ned turned away from her, back to the night. He stood staring out in the darkness, watching the moon and the stars perhaps, or perhaps the sentries on the wall. Catelyn softened then, to see his pain. Eddard Stark had married her in Brandon's place, as custom decreed, but the shadow of his dead brother still lay between them, as did the other, the shadow of the woman he would not name, the woman who had borne him his bastard son. She was about to go to him when the knock came at the door, loud and unexpected. Ned turned, frowning. â€Å"What is it?† Desmond's voice came through the door. â€Å"My lord, Maester Luwin is without and begs urgent audience.† â€Å"You told him I had left orders not to be disturbed?† â€Å"Yes, my lord. He insists.† â€Å"Very well. Send him in.† Ned crossed to the wardrobe and slipped on a heavy robe. Catelyn realized suddenly how cold it had become. She sat up in bed and pulled the furs to her chin. â€Å"Perhaps we should close the windows,† she suggested. Ned nodded absently. Maester Luwin was shown in. The maester was a small grey man. His eyes were grey, and quick, and saw much. His hair was grey, what little the years had left him. His robe was grey wool, trimmed with white fur, the Stark colors. Its great floppy sleeves had pockets hidden inside. Luwin was always tucking things into those sleeves and producing other things from them: books, messages, strange artifacts, toys for the children. With all he kept hidden in his sleeves, Catelyn was surprised that Maester Luwin could lift his arms at all. The maester waited until the door had closed behind him before he spoke. â€Å"My lord,† he said to Ned, â€Å"pardon for disturbing your rest. I have been left a message.† Ned looked irritated. â€Å"Been left? By whom? Has there been a rider? I was not told.† â€Å"There was no rider, my lord. Only a carved wooden box, left on a table in my observatory while I napped. My servants saw no one, but it must have been brought by someone in the king's party. We have had no other visitors from the south.† â€Å"A wooden box, you say?† Catelyn said. â€Å"Inside was a fine new lens for the observatory, from Myr by the look of it. The lenscrafters of Myr are without equal.† Ned frowned. He had little patience for this sort of thing, Catelyn knew. â€Å"A lens,† he said. â€Å"What has that to do with me?† â€Å"I asked the same question,† Maester Luwin said. â€Å"Clearly there was more to this than the seeming.† Under the heavy weight of her furs, Catelyn shivered. â€Å"A lens is an instrument to help us see.† â€Å"Indeed it is.† He fingered the collar of his order; a heavy chain worn tight around the neck beneath his robe, each link forged from a different metal. Catelyn could feel dread stirring inside her once again. â€Å"What is it that they would have us see more clearly?† â€Å"The very thing I asked myself.† Maester Luwin drew a tightly rolled paper out of his sleeve. â€Å"I found the true message concealed within a false bottom when I dismantled the box the lens had come in, but it is not for my eyes.† Ned held out his hand. â€Å"Let me have it, then.† Luwin did not stir. â€Å"Pardons, my lord. The message is not for you either. It is marked for the eyes of the Lady Catelyn, and her alone. May I approach?† Catelyn nodded, not trusting to speak. The maester placed the paper on the table beside the bed. It was sealed with a small blob of blue wax. Luwin bowed and began to retreat. â€Å"Stay,† Ned commanded him. His voice was grave. He looked at Catelyn. â€Å"What is it? My lady, you're shaking.† â€Å"I'm afraid,† she admitted. She reached out and took the letter in trembling hands. The furs dropped away from her nakedness, forgotten. In the blue wax was the moon-and-falcon seal of House Arryn. â€Å"It's from Lysa.† Catelyn looked at her husband. â€Å"It will not make us glad,† she told him. â€Å"There is grief in this message, Ned. I can feel it.† Ned frowned, his face darkening. â€Å"Open it.† Catelyn broke the seal. Her eyes moved over the words. At first they made no sense to her. Then she remembered. â€Å"Lysa took no chances. When we were girls together, we had a private language, she and I.† â€Å"Can you read it?† â€Å"Yes,† Catelyn admitted. â€Å"Then tell us.† â€Å"Perhaps I should withdraw,† Maester Luwin said. â€Å"No,† Catelyn said. â€Å"We will need your counsel.† She threw back the furs and climbed from the bed. The night air was as cold as the grave on her bare skin as she padded across the room. Maester Luwin averted his eyes. Even Ned looked shocked. â€Å"What are you doing?† he asked. â€Å"Lighting a fire,† Catelyn told him. She found a dressing gown and shrugged into it, then knelt over the cold hearth. â€Å"Maester Luwin—† Ned began. â€Å"Maester Luwin has delivered all my children,† Catelyn said. â€Å"This is no time for false modesty.† She slid the paper in among the kindling and placed the heavier logs on top of it. Ned crossed the room, took her by the arm, and pulled her to her feet. He held her there, his face inches from her. â€Å"My lady, tell me! What was this message?† Catelyn stiffened in his grasp. â€Å"A warning,† she said softly. â€Å"If we have the wits to hear.† His eyes searched her face. â€Å"Go on.† â€Å"Lysa says Jon Arryn was murdered.† His fingers tightened on her arm. â€Å"By whom?† â€Å"The Lannisters,† she told him. â€Å"The queen.† Ned released his hold on her arm. There were deep red marks on her skin. â€Å"Gods,† he whispered. His voice was hoarse. â€Å"Your sister is sick with grief. She cannot know what she is saying.† â€Å"She knows,† Catelyn said. â€Å"Lysa is impulsive, yes, but this message was carefully planned, cleverly hidden. She knew it meant death if her letter fell into the wrong hands. To risk so much, she must have had more than mere suspicion.† Catelyn looked to her husband. â€Å"Now we truly have no choice. You must be Robert's Hand. You must go south with him and learn the truth.† She saw at once that Ned had reached a very different conclusion. â€Å"The only truths I know are here. The south is a nest of adders I would do better to avoid.† Luwin plucked at his chain collar where it had chafed the soft skin of his throat. â€Å"The Hand of the King has great power, my lord. Power to find the truth of Lord Arryn's death, to bring his killers to the king's justice. Power to protect Lady Arryn and her son, if the worst be true.† Ned glanced helplessly around the bedchamber. Catelyn's heart went out to him, but she knew she could not take him in her arms just then. First the victory must be won, for her children's sake. â€Å"You say you love Robert like a brother. Would you leave your brother surrounded by Lannisters?† â€Å"The Others take both of you,† Ned muttered darkly. He turned away from them and went to the window. She did not speak, nor did the maester. They waited, quiet, while Eddard Stark said a silent farewell to the home he loved. When he turned away from the window at last, his voice was tired and full of melancholy, and moisture glittered faintly in the corners of his eyes. â€Å"My father went south once, to answer the summons of a king. He never came home again.† â€Å"A different time,† Maester Luwin said. â€Å"A different king.† â€Å"Yes,† Ned said dully. He seated himself in a chair by the hearth. â€Å"Catelyn, you shall stay here in Winterfell.† His words were like an icy draft through her heart. â€Å"No,† she said, suddenly afraid. Was this to be her punishment? Never to see his face again, nor to feel his arms around her? â€Å"Yes,† Ned said, in words that would brook no argument. â€Å"You must govern the north in my stead, while I run Robert's errands. There must always be a Stark in Winterfell. Robb is fourteen. Soon enough, he will be a man grown. He must learn to rule, and I will not be here for him. Make him part of your councils. He must be ready when his time comes.† â€Å"Gods will, not for many years,† Maester Luwin murmured. â€Å"Maester Luwin, I trust you as I would my own blood. Give my wife your voice in all things great and small. Teach my son the things he needs to know. Winter is coming.† Maester Luwin nodded gravely. Then silence fell, until Catelyn found her courage and asked the question whose answer she most dreaded. â€Å"What of the other children?† Ned stood, and took her in his arms, and held her face close to his. â€Å"Rickon is very young,† he said gently. â€Å"He should stay here with you and Robb. The others I would take with me.† â€Å"I could not bear it,† Catelyn said, trembling. â€Å"You must,† he said. â€Å"Sansa must wed Joffrey, that is clear now, we must give them no grounds to suspect our devotion. And it is past time that Arya learned the ways of a southron court. In a few years she will be of an age to marry too.† Sansa would shine in the south, Catelyn thought to herself, and the gods knew that Arya needed refinement. Reluctantly, she let go of them in her heart. But not Bran. Never Bran. â€Å"Yes,† she said, â€Å"but please, Ned, for the love you bear me, let Bran remain here at Winterfell. He is only seven.† â€Å"I was eight when my father sent me to foster at the Eyrie,† Ned said. â€Å"Ser Rodrik tells me there is bad feeling between Robb and Prince Joffrey. That is not healthy. Bran can bridge that distance. He is a sweet boy, quick to laugh, easy to love. Let him grow up with the young princes, let him become their friend as Robert became mine. Our House will be the safer for it.† He was right; Catelyn knew it. It did not make the pain any easier to bear. She would lose all four of them, then: Ned, and both girls, and her sweet, loving Bran. Only Robb and little Rickon would be left to her. She felt lonely already. Winterfell was such a vast place. â€Å"Keep him off the walls, then,† she said bravely. â€Å"You know how Bran loves to climb.† Ned kissed the tears from her eyes before they could fall. â€Å"Thank you, my lady,† he whispered. â€Å"This is hard, I know.† â€Å"What of Jon Snow, my lord?† Maester Luwin asked. Catelyn tensed at the mention of the name. Ned felt the anger in her, and pulled away. Many men fathered bastards. Catelyn had grown up with that knowledge. It came as no surprise to her, in the first year of her marriage, to learn that Ned had fathered a child on some girl chance met on campaign. He had a man's needs, after all, and they had spent that year apart, Ned off at war in the south while she remained safe in her father's castle at Riverrun. Her thoughts were more of Robb, the infant at her breast, than of the husband she scarcely knew. He was welcome to whatever solace he might find between battles. And if his seed quickened, she expected he would see to the child's needs. He did more than that. The Starks were not like other men. Ned brought his bastard home with him, and called him â€Å"son† for all the north to see. When the wars were over at last, and Catelyn rode to Winterfell, Jon and his wet nurse had already taken up residence. That cut deep. Ned would not speak of the mother, not so much as a word, but a castle has no secrets, and Catelyn heard her maids repeating tales they heard from the lips of her husband's soldiers. They whispered of Ser Arthur Dayne, the Sword of the Morning, deadliest of the seven knights of Aerys's Kingsguard, and of how their young lord had slain him in single combat. And they told how afterward Ned had carried Ser Arthur's sword back to the beautiful young sister who awaited him in a castle called Starfall on the shores of the SummerSea. The Lady Ashara Dayne, tall and fair, with haunting violet eyes. It had taken her a fortnight to marshal her courage, but finally, in bed one night, Catelyn had asked her husband the truth of it, asked him to his face. That was the only time in all their years that Ned had ever frightened her. â€Å"Never ask me about Jon,† he said, cold as ice. â€Å"He is my blood, and that is all you need to know. And now I will learn where you heard that name, my lady.† She had pledged to obey; she told him; and from that day on, the whispering had stopped, and Ashara Dayne's name was never heard in Winterfell again. Whoever Jon's mother had been, Ned must have loved her fiercely, for nothing Catelyn said would persuade him to send the boy away. It was the one thing she could never forgive him. She had come to love her husband with all her heart, but she had never found it in her to love Jon. She might have overlooked a dozen bastards for Ned's sake, so long as they were out of sight. Jon was never out of sight, and as he grew, he looked more like Ned than any of the trueborn sons she bore him. Somehow that made it worse. â€Å"Jon must go,† she said now. â€Å"He and Robb are close,† Ned said. â€Å"I had hoped . . . â€Å" â€Å"He cannot stay here,† Catelyn said, cutting him off. â€Å"He is your son, not mine. I will not have him.† It was hard, she knew, but no less the truth. Ned would do the boy no kindness by leaving him here at Winterfell. The look Ned gave her was anguished. â€Å"You know I cannot take him south. There will be no place for him at court. A boy with a bastard's name . . . you know what they will say of him. He will be shunned.† Catelyn armored her heart against the mute appeal in her husband's eyes. â€Å"They say your friend Robert has fathered a dozen bastards himself.† â€Å"And none of them has ever been seen at court!† Ned blazed. â€Å"The Lannister woman has seen to that. How can you be so damnably cruel, Catelyn? He is only a boy. He—† His fury was on him. He might have said more, and worse, but Maester Luwin cut in. â€Å"Another solution presents itself,† he said, his voice quiet. â€Å"Your brother Benjen came to me about Jon a few days ago. It seems the boy aspires to take the black.† Ned looked shocked. â€Å"He asked to join the Night's Watch?† Catelyn said nothing. Let Ned work it out in his own mind; her voice would not be welcome now. Yet gladly would she have kissed the maester just then. His was the perfect solution. Benjen Stark was a Sworn Brother. Jon would be a son to him, the child he would never have. And in time the boy would take the oath as well. He would father no sons who might someday contest with Catelyn's own grandchildren for Winterfell. Maester Luwin said, â€Å"There is great honor in service on the Wall, my lord.† â€Å"And even a bastard may rise high in the Night's Watch,† Ned reflected. Still, his voice was troubled. â€Å"Jon is so young. If he asked this when he was a man grown, that would be one thing, but a boy of fourteen . . . â€Å" â€Å"A hard sacrifice,† Maester Luwin agreed. â€Å"Yet these are hard times, my lord. His road is no crueler than yours or your lady's.† Catelyn thought of the three children she must lose. It was not easy keeping silent then. Ned turned away from them to gaze out the window, his long face silent and thoughtful. Finally he sighed, and turned back. â€Å"Very well,† he said to Maester Luwin. â€Å"I suppose it is for the best. I will speak to Ben.† â€Å"When shall we tell Jon?† the maester asked. â€Å"When I must. Preparations must be made. It will be a fortnight before we are ready to depart. I would sooner let Jon enjoy these last few days. Summer will end soon enough, and childhood as well. When the time comes, I will tell him myself.†

Azeotrope Definition and Examples

Azeotrope Definition and Examples An azeotrope is a mixture of liquids that maintains its composition and boiling point during distillation. It is also known as an azeotropic mixture or constant boiling point mixture. Azeotropy occurs when a mixture is boiled to produce a vapor that has the same composition as the liquid. The term is derived by combining the prefix a, meaning no, and the Greek words for boiling and turning. The word was first used in a publication by English chemists John Wade (1864–1912) and Richard William Merriman in 1911. In contrast, mixtures of liquids that do not form an azeotrope under any conditions are called zeotropic. Types of Azeotropes Azeotropes may be categorized according to their number of constituents, miscibility, or boiling points: Number of Constituents: If an azeotrope consists of two liquids, it is known as a binary azeotrope. An azeotrope consisting of three liquids is a ternary azeotropes. There are also azeotropes made of more than three constituents.Heterogeneous or Homogeneous: Homogeneous azeotropes consist of liquids that are miscible. They form a solution. Heterogeneous azeotropes are incompletely miscible and form two liquid phases.Positive or Negative: A positive azeotrope or minimum-boiling azeotrope forms when the boiling point of the mixture is lower than that of any of its constituents. A negative azeotrope or maximum-boiling azeotrope forms when the boiling point of the mixture is higher than that of any of its constituents. Examples Boiling a 95% ethanol solution in water will produce a vapor that is 95% ethanol. Distillation cannot be used to obtain higher percentages of ethanol. Alcohol and water are miscible, so any quantity of ethanol can be mixed with any quantity to prepare a homogeneous solution that behaves like an azeotrope. Chloroform and water, on the other hand, form a heteroazeotrope. A mixture of these two liquids will separate, forming a top layer consisting mostly of water with a small amount of dissolved chloroform and a bottom layer consisting mostly of chloroform with a small amount of dissolved water. If the two layers are boiled together, the liquid will boil at a lower temperature than either the boiling point of water or of chloroform. The resulting vapor will consist of 97% chloroform and 3% water, regardless of the ratio in the liquids. Condensing this vapor will result in layers that exhibit a fixed composition. The top layer of the condensate will account for 4.4% of the volume, while the bottom layer will account for 95.6% of the mixture. Azeotrope Separation Since fractional distillation cannot be used to separate components of an azeotrope, other methods must be employed: Pressure swing distillation applies pressure changes to change the composition of a mixture to enrich the distillate with the desired component.Another technique involves the addition of an entrainer, a substance that alters the volatility of one of the azeotrope components. In some cases, the entrainer reacts with a component to form a nonvolatile compound. Distillation using an entrainer is called azeotropic distillation.Pervaporation involves separating components using a membrane that is more permeable to one constituent than the other. Vapor permeation is a related technique, using a membrane more permeable to the vapor phase of one component than another. Source Wade, John, and Richard William Merriman. CIV.- Influence of Water on the Boiling Point of Ethyl Alcohol at Pressures above and Below the Atmospheric Pressure. Journal of the Chemical Society, Transactions 99.0 (1911): 997–1011. Print.

How To Grow Your Blog Traffic By 1,044% In 1 Year

How To Grow Your Blog Traffic By 1,044% In 1 Year My blogs traffic grew 10 times larger in less than a year. I want to show you how to have the same success. When I became the content director for LDS.net, one of my companys long-time underused sites generated about 65,000 hits a month. Within less than a year, the site generates more than 700,000 hits a month. Generating a traffic revolution for your blog has never been easy, but it is doable. We grew by integrating into our process every step of the way. The Best Advice On How To Grow Your #BlogTraffic By 1,044% In 1 Year1. Find Your Audience When we talk about website growth, we are talking about people. We wanted more people to take time out of their day to read our posts. You do, too. When we spend so much time looking at bounce rates, session numbers, and growth trajectories, it’s easy to lose track of the humans at the heart of our work. When we talk about website growth, we are talking about people. #marketingIf you want those numbers to increase, you can’t afford to look past the people. Fittingly, Google Analytics can actually be the easiest place to learn about the people on your site. Google Analytics will help you identify six attributes of your readers: Age Gender Location Acquisition Site Interests Technology Use those tools to see which of these attributes go together most often to create sketches of the kind of reader on your site. For example, we identified a 59-year-old female from Cedar City, Utah, who clicked on one of our links from Facebook on her two generation old iPhone. She’s family focused. We found all that information on Google Analytics. It started sounding like a well-rounded  person who we could actually get to know. You can probably imagine this woman in your head. After that, we used  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s 8-step process  for developing a reader persona to flesh out this womans story. Give your persona a name. We did this three times to match our most common types of readers. Every week, my team and I read through each of the personas to ask how well were meeting their needs. For each article we release, we make sure its written to one of our readers. As we grew, we wrote new potential reader personas, then attempted to attract them to the site. When it worked, we added the personas permanently. Our growth occurred from attracting more of our current audience and by adding additional audiences. Writing personas during this time allowed us to personalize our growing audience. Writing personas will help you personalize and grow your audience. #marketing2. Plan Your Content I’ve worked with around forty writers in the two years since our site first launched. And most writers seem to have one major personality trait in common: We thrive under deadlines. Writers thrive under deadlines. #writingWriters often make the perfect the enemy of the good, and without a method to help, we will dawdle around trying to write a masterpiece. solves this problem. We plan our content by targeting our primary persona and the content type that we want to write. We use six primary content types on our site: Listicle How to Feature Ultimate guide QA Infographic We create new articles directly onto the calendar and start with the title that identifies our persona and content type. For example, â€Å"Stephanie Torres-QA† Once you know your reader persona and content type, youll know what to write.The topic comes next. Often, once we know our reader and content type, we know exactly what that kind of reader will want. This helps you get the best ideas with the least amount of time brainstorming. If you don’t immediately know what article topic you want, move on to the title. has a fantastic list of the most successful blog title structures. Pro Tip: As you see great blog titles online, add them to your own list. If you need more ideas, it’s time to brainstorm. Everyone on my team is able to generate ideas by using at least one of ’s four brainstorming ideas. The beauty of this method is that as soon as you have an idea, it’s already on a calendar ticking down. Recommended Reading:  9 Types Of Blog Posts That Are Proven To Boost Traffic 3. Title Your Articles If you didn’t use one of ’s title structures, then you need to nail down a title before you start. Certain titles work better because they promote a type of content your reader wants. Ask yourself this: What does my reader want to know? Start with a successful title, and then quality content will follow. There is no better headline analyzer available than s. I know because LDS.net looked everywhere for one. Take your time using the tool. It can be tempting to start with one title, and play only with variations of that. We brainstorm at least ten title variations and then run them through the headline analyzer. Since the headline analyzer keeps track of your previous titles, we can  easily choose those that perform best and try many variations of those until we have winning title that will perform well. One of our early successes was the article, â€Å"Mormon Jokes That Will Make You Smile.† We began with a number of article titles we thought would sound good. Titles like: The 29 Funniest Mormon Jokes 29 Hilarious Mormon Memes You Need to See These Mormon Memes LDS Memes That Will Have you Rolling in Laughter 29 Mormon Jokes to See Right Now 29 Images to Make You Smile We were able to see immediately which of those title structures had potential and which didn’t. The advantage of having so many initial ideas is that you can mix and match to find combinations that work. And even though we didn’t know the final number of jokes we would use, we didn’t hesitate to use a placeholder number in the headline analyzer. Eventually, we tried the final title which scored an impressive 87. Unsurprisingly, it was the biggest hit we’d had on the site to that point. 4. Use A  Task Template About one week after we started using , I wrote to ask them if there was a way to create a task template. There wasn’t, but they promised they would integrate it soon. Today we use task templates on every article we publish. The advantage of task templates is that as soon as we have an article idea, everyone who will need to work on that article instantly has tasks on their to-do list to ensure that the article is out on time. As an editor, this is a huge organizational burden taken off my desk. No longer do I need to bother writers with regular emails; instead, I can just check in on any overdue items. Here is our 6-Step editorial process: Step 1: Content Quality This editorial step covers tone, research accuracy, and writing problems such as using cliches, and clarity. There are plenty of tips on the blog to help you perfect your content quality: Tone: How To Write For Your Intended Audience How To Build Your Brand With Humor So Youll Feel Like A Human Research: This Is The Marketing Research Process That Will Take Your Content To The Next Level Writing: 150+ Blog Ideas That Will Absolutely Kill Writers Block These Lazy Writing Mistakes May Be Turning Off Your Readers Step 2: Organization We make sure that the introduction and call to action are written according to our best practices, and ensure that presentation is as simple as possible. Recommended Reading: How To Write Irresistible Blog Post Introductions Thatll Keep Your Readers Reading How To Write A Call To Action In A Template With 6 Examples Step 3: Readability We understand that web content gets scanned, so we want to make sure that our images, headlines, and captions do a good job of keeping our readers engaged. Recommended Reading: The Ultimate Guide To Using Color Psychology In Marketing + Free Color Schemes How To Write Headlines That Drive Traffic, Shares, And Search Results 21 Social Media Engagement Tactics That Will Grow Your Audience Step 4: Proofreading On our team, we make sure a person besides the writer and editor proofreads the writing to ensure that we don’t get stuck in a  trap of reading what we thought we wrote. Recommended Reading: What To Do When You Dont Have A Proofreader Step 5: Search Engine Optimization We integrate our keyword  while ensuring our tags and meta descriptions are up to par. Recommended Reading: How To Make An SEO Content Strategy That Will Improve Your #1-3 Results By 248% An SEO Driven Approach To Content Marketing: The Complete Guide How To Boost Traffic With 27 Important SEO Tips Step 6: Visual Design This step covers integrating images into the article, as well as preparing a featured image and social media images. Recommended Reading: Should You Use Stock Or Free Images For Blog Posts? How To Attract An Audience With The Best Blog Photography Tips (+128 Free Images) 5 Super Easy Ways To Create Images For Your Blog Posts How To Make The Best Blog Graphics (For Non-Designers) We use three different task templates that slightly alter these six steps depending on the type of content we are publishing. Infographics are seen multiple times by our design director, for example, while ultimate guides require an earlier start. If you work by yourself, or on a smaller team, task templates can be a great way to reflect your own personal process. I set a task template on the articles that I write so I wont forget to complete an outline, conduct interviews, or do proofreading. 5. Send to Social Media Once you have a valuable piece of content, it’s time to find an audience. Before using , less than one-third of one percent of our traffic came from social because promoting content regularly took too much time. Today, more than  fifty percent of our traffic comes from social. One-click social sharing from our calendar has saved us so much time, we now personalize posts to best take advantage of each social network. also makes resharing content a breeze. We always intended to reshare content, but a week later, you’re often on to the next post. Being able to plan out three month’s worth of shares at one time has allowed us to maximize each article’s content. Plus you can use the task template to remind people on your team to share the article!No matter how much success you have with web #content, you can always do better.6. Keep Improving Perhaps the most important thing we do is that we always try to improve. The blog  consistently has useful and thought-provoking content. We always pass around the blog posts with our team and make changes based on the advice we read. No matter how much success you have with web content, you could be doing better. And in this industry, best practices change all the time. It’s essential to stay connected with industry leaders so that you avoid falling behind. For example, soon after we released our Mormon Jokes article, published a blog post about how to grow your email list. We used this advice to start our own email list, reshared the article over email, and generated a 10%  bump in traffic. By integrating into every step of my publication process, my site grew by leaps and bounds. What products have you found success with? How have you integrated them into your site’s workflow?

Graduation Speech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Graduation Speech - Essay Example Effective planning is my greatest strength, and the one I shall rely on to manage my time and complete the MBA successfully at the university. My knowledge of elements of effective planning and experience in implementing the elements establishes the strength. I will particularly rely on advice from friends who have completed MBA programs and from the institution’s faculty for knowledge on scope of the program. I will then analyze anticipated learning environment and identify my specific needs for the MBA. I will then identify motivation factors and be strategic in my planning for the program, based Cowher and Dickson’s concept of effective planning (2009). I will develop a grand plan and mini plans for every course unit. I will use my MBA, after graduating, for long term and short term objectives. The immediate application of the qualification will be to secure a job that will help me gain professional experience and develop my career. Long-term applications will be establishment and management of my private consultancy firm, and attainment of a social position that will help me engage in social responsibility. These will also have positive effects on the university’s image, as a stakeholder to social responsibility through efforts of its

Identify qualitative methodology in journal articles and critically Research Paper

Identify qualitative methodology in journal articles and critically review its applicability to the study - Research Paper Example ents were quite appropriate for the study, as capturing the essence of what drives both the management of change and the influence of the processes and systems at two different companies on female workers with varying degrees of education and experience. In order to fully assess different perspectives on these views, the unstructured interview allowed the subjects to freely express their unique experiences and viewpoints regarding the role of women in the workplace and how their roles are defined through different social lenses. Additionally, the unstructured interview, as opposed to the simple survey or questionnaire format, allows the researcher to dig deeper into the human behavioral aspects which drive various decision-making in the workplace. It is a relatively common fact that, from an HR perspective, people have various needs in the professional environment linked to autonomous working conditions and empowerment in order to feel fully valuable to an organization. With this in mind, had this study taken a more quantitative approach, such as the utilization of surveys to locate patterns of behavior at the two workplaces described in the research article, it would have limited the potential of the study by limiting responses to a set series of researcher-designed criteria. For instance, a multi-tick survey instrument, such as a series of questions with potential responses ranging from 1-10 based on personal opinion, might have captured whether specific patterns existed in terms of individual worker pers pectives on the role of women in the workplaces. However, the more behavioral aspects of managing people, such as the soft approach to human resources management where people development is paramount, would be missing from this approach, which justifies this study’s use of the informal interview template to provide for free expression of ideas and unique perspectives. One notable limitation to this study’s design involves its lack of clear objectives: What

Corporate Social Responsibility and Ethics-Case Study Essay

Corporate Social Responsibility and Ethics-Case Study - Essay Example This has brought forth the term Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) implying the moral and social welfare promoting aspects that a modern day corporate must posses besides its financial or profit making goals. In a single sentence Corporate Social Responsibility is the culmination of the duties towards the stakeholders that encompasses promotion of social welfare, moral development and sustainable environmental safety. Brief analysis of Bhopal Gas Disaster: The majority of the Indian population lies under the poverty line and are technologically backward. 26 years earlier when the disaster took place the situation was even worse. Furthermore the concerned state Madhya Pradesh was regarded as one of the least developed states of India where the labourers were equipped with little technical expertise. This background does not confer the mentioned state as an ideal place to establish a plant that would eventually be handling a substance as toxic as Methyl Isocyanides. The concerned co mpany Union Carbide ignored these technical issues and made a grave mistake in terms of the strategic management and planning. However, the mistakes made that way become the outcome of greedy business steps when the availability of cheap labours that were hired in the process is taken into account. Ignoring technological impediments regarding the poor standards of the knowledge base of the labourers along with the ignorance of environmental standard those were needed to set a plant of such a complex technology at that place in search of financial gain is the brief but ultimate verdict of the Bhopal disaster. Ans 1 An issue dependent and logical reasoning of blaming Mr. Warren Anderson Once the dreadful early December (December 2 and 3) of 1984 was passed claiming thousands of lives, the famous or infamous chairman of Union Carbide Mr. Warren Anderson was immediately taken into custody in charge of sheer negligence of corporate responsibility. Ironically the person who was responsibl e for thousands of death soon got a personal bail of only USD3000 and came out of custody. Anderson then carried out some sort of investigation that came out with dubious results. On one instance Anderson blamed the entire management team of the company for their negligence that brought the catastrophe and on another instance he gave a much narrowed version while blaming the local plant operation manager alone. (Camino, 1989, p 3; Peterson, 1985, pp. 196-197) Whatever doubtful is the explanation of Mr. Anderson; owing to a political-corporate nexus that is like any other country is operative in India as well; Mr. Anderson was protected and managed to get back to his country USA. Questions had been raised against the then Prime Minister of India Mr. Rajiv Gandhi for protecting and eventually helping him to get back to his country. 26 years later of that event, Mr. Arjun Singh the Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh though turned down all these allegations against the late Prime Minister Mr. Rajiv Gandhi; yet pleaded against the heinous acts of Anderson and raised his voice for the immediate arrest of him. Mr. Singh requested the present Prime Minister Mr. Manmohan Singh to initiate a talk with the USA President Mr. Barrack Obama regarding the extradition of Anderson to India where he can be prosecuted for killing of thousands of Indians in front of an Indian court. (Arjun Singh breaks silence on Bhopal gas tragedy, Aug 11, 2010) Owing to the growing agitation regarding

Black lives matter the history and existence of racial inequality in the united states Essay Example for Free

Black lives matter the history and existence of racial inequality in the united states Essay â€Å"Hands up. Don’t shoot.†[1] This is a refrain shouted by #BlackLivesMatter activists throughout the United States. #BlackLivesMatter is a movement that gained national momentum in 2014 after acts of police brutality resulting in the death of black Americans such as Mike Brown and Eric Garner. In both of these cases, the respective police officers involved were not indicted for the death of American citizens.[2] This prompted the reaction: â€Å"black lives matter†; the livelihood of black people should and must be as important as that of white people. Throughout history, people of African descent in the United States have not equally enjoyed the same life and opportunities as other Americans due to racism, defined by public health scholars Jennifer Jee-Lyn Garcia and Mienah Zulfacar Sharif as â€Å"system of structuring opportunity and assigning value based on race, that unfairly disadvantages some individuals and communities, and advantages others.†[3] In the early 1900s, multiple doctors brought attention to the disparity in the morbidity and mortality of diseases, many that result from poor living conditions, between black and white Americans. Lawrence Lee, a doctor writing in 1914, noted: â€Å"that tuberculosis and other respiratory diseases and still-births cause a death-rate of 917.9 per 100,000 against a rate of 354.7 for whites.†[4] In 1927, a movement in favor of eugenics took hold, beginning with the Buck v. Bell ruling.[5] This United States Supreme Court case gave doctors the authority to designate cert ain people more fit to breed than others and supported the procreation of the so-called â€Å"fit† and limited that of the â€Å"unfit† through means such as forced sterilization.[6] During this time, forty percent of the â€Å"unfit† people sterilized were non-white.[7] However, #BlackLivesMatter activists demonstrate that racist agendas that are viewed as history in truth have ongoing effects to this day that negatively impact the daily lives and public health of African Americans. Opponents use the social media hashtag #AllLivesMatter, expressing the view that all people deserve equal rights and access to basic necessities, regardless of race. #AllLivesMatter is distinct from the #BlackLivesMatter movement in that it does not acknowledge the past and present inequity in the quality of life between white Americans and those of African descent. #BlackLivesMatter has given voice to a historically oppressed class of people and opened a discussion on how the eugen ics movement has compromised that of black Americans and how this can be corrected and how future racially-charged infractions can be prevented. The racialization of medicine has  ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­had a significant role in the development of the eugenics movement. Garcia and Sharif define racism as â€Å"system of structuring opportunity and assigning value based on race, that unfairly disadvantages some individuals and communities† and claims that â€Å"racism as a social condition is a fundamental cause of health and illness.†[8] The eugenics movement is one that is founded on the racist ideology that was detrimental to the African American community. Negative eugenics was carried out through marriage restriction, forced sterilization, and confining the â€Å"feeble-minded† to colonies. The restriction of marriage through issuing marriage licenses was critical in the racist agenda of eugenics. It was illegal to have children outside of wedlock.[9] Virginia in particular banned inter-racial marriage. By doing so, Virginia politicians and eugenicists were intentionally preventing people from having mixed ra ce children, something they saw as undesirable.[10] #AllLivesMatter activists would argue that the eugenics movement was not focused on African Americans, as many of the victims of eugenics were white. In Buck v. Bell, a case heard by the United States Supreme Court that secured eugenic doctors’ ability to forcibly sterilize the feeble-minded, the defendant was Carrie Buck, a white woman.[11]   Proponents of #AllLivesMatter would note that eugenic doctors instead targeted individuals of lower socio-economic status. Some of the diagnostic criteria for detecting feeble-mindedness included â€Å"cold and clammy hands and excessive pallor or blushing.†[12] While many of the victims of the application of negative eugenics were of lower socioeconomic status, it cannot be ignored that the eugenics movement grew from calls to improve black public health in the early 1900’s. Advancements in germ theory allowed for doctors to understand that diseases are transmissible r egardless of race; as a result, doctors emphasized the need for sanitary living conditions for black Americans.[13] Historian Andrea Patterson claims that â€Å"public health measures were hijacked by eugenicists†[14] – rather than these public health measures benefitting blacks, they, in part, created an environment in which eugenicists had reason to believe that people of particular racial background were predisposed to certain illnesses. Although Buck v. Bell enabled the eugenics movement to impact people of all races, the racist political regimes that preceded it supported the development of eugenics.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Paternalism was a major contributing factor to eugenic’s establishment. In 1915, Doctor L. C. Allen posited that â€Å"the negro health problem is one of the white mans burdens, and it is by no means the least of those burdens.†[15] It was his belief that the disproportionately high morbidity and mortality rates of diseases such as tuberculosis and syphilis among black Americans were the responsibility of the white population to resolve. Allen credited the strict supervision of slave owners over black slaves for the lack of illnesses related to an unclean living environment and sexually transmitted diseases while slavery was legal.[16] According to Allen, â€Å"freedom has not benefited his health, nor improved his morals,† where â€Å"he† refers to African Americans.[17] Without white slave owners to ensure that African Americans bathe, clean their living spaces, and do not engage in promiscuous sex, Allen clai ms that African Americans did not properly take care of themselves. His answer to this perceived problem is for white Americans to champion a public health reform by way of changing the educational curriculum for blacks. Allen’s proposed â€Å"industrial education† would consist of teaching African American children proper hygiene and cater to their future career prospects, which mainly consist of service or manual labor roles.[18] By singling out a minority group to be segregated for the purpose of a different education based on race, Allen’s â€Å"industrial education† plan would have been an institutionalized instance of structural racism. Black Americans would have been denied access to an equal education, and by virtue of that, they would be further limited to the jobs available to them. Although this plan did not come to fruition, the ideas behind it lingered. Eugenic doctors felt that it was for the betterment of all humankind to promote the procre ation of those with what these doctors deemed desirable traits while simultaneously diminishing or altogether ceasing the procreation of the â€Å"unfit.†[19] The widespread belief that eugenics existed in order to improve the global gene pool is paternalistic. The socio-economic elite utilized their position of power to further their self-interested ideology at the expense of those below them, particularly African Americans. Mass incarceration of African Americans is a modern practice that in many ways is a continuation of eugenics. Victims of eugenic sterilization told their stories in a 2011 testimony in North Carolina arranged by The Governor’s Task Force to Determine the Method of Compensation for Victims of North Carolina’s Eugenics Board. One such victim was Elaine Riddick, a black woman. Her son, Tony Riddick commented on the ongoing systemic racism in the United States, saying, â€Å"A young man nineteen years old, first time convicted, nonviolent offense, you give him fifteen to twenty years in prison. Now look at what happens, now he can no longer be a father, his mother loses a child.†[20] Though the testimony took place a few years before the #BlackLivesMatter movement gained momentum, these sentiments are the same as those felt by activists today. #BlackLivesMatter advocate and doctor Mary Basset argues in â€Å"#BlackLivesMatter — A Challenge to the Medical and Public Health Communities† that â€Å"there is the great injustice in the daily violence experienced by young black men. But the tragedy of lives cut short is not accounted for entirely, or even mostly, by violence.†[21] Indeed, as Tony Riddick pointed out, systemic racism has cost many black Americans the ability to lead a productive life in society and often the ability to reproduce. In the mid-twentieth century, this took the form of the eugenics movement. People designated â€Å"feebleminded,† a categorization for the so-called unfit of society, were often sent to colonies to live out their lives and forcibly sterilized.[22] Though eugenics has been abolished, similar practices occur today. When a person is sentenced to a prison sentence that spans their prime reproductive years, they are segregated from the rest of society and are much less likely to raise a family.[23] Tony Riddick drew a comparison between eugenics and mass incarceration, likening each to genocide.[24] Flaws in today’s criminal justice system have allowed a form of racial genocide to perpetuate in the United States. A quick internet search of the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter will bring up a sizable list of names that activists for the movement mourn as preventable deaths. Though many people know of Tamir Rice, Eric Garner, and Mike Brown, lesser-known but equally important people are added to the list of casualties regularly. One such person is Joyce Cornell, a fifty-year-old black woman who died in jail on July 22, 2015. Cornell was arrested for failing to pay court fines, a minor offense. Cornell experienced severe nausea and vomiting and was not granted medical treatment or water. She passed away one day later from dehydration.[25] These people, every black person who has lost their life early from preventable causes, represent a public health epidemic. Structural racism has decreased the life expectancy of black people living in the United States.[26] As Garcia and Sharif argue, it is necessary to â€Å"reshape our discourse† and consider racism a public health issue in order to begin to combat its effects.[27] It is vital that positive change happens for the betterment of our fellow Americans. This process begins with recognizing that racism exists and that #BlackLivesMatter. Bibliography Allen, L. C., M.D. THE NEGRO HEALTH PROBLEM. The American Journal of Public Health, 1914. Accessed February 8, 2016. Bassett, Mary T., M.D., M.P.H. #BlackLivesMatter — A Challenge to the Medical and Public Health Communities. The New England Journal of Medicine 372, no. 12 (March 19, 2015): 1085-087. Accessed March 11, 2016. Buck v. Bell.  274th  ed. Vol. 200. U.S. Supreme Court, 1927. Dorr, Gregory Michael. STERILIZE THE MISFITS PROMPTLY†: Virginia Controls the Feebleminded. In Segregations Science: Eugenics and Society in Virginia, 107-36. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2008. Garcà ­a, Jennifer Jee-Lyn, Ph.D., and Mienah Zulfacar Sharif, MPH. Black Lives Matter: A Commentary on Racism and Public Health. Am J Public Health American Journal of Public Health 105, no. 8 (August 2015): E27-30. doi:10.2105/ajph.2015.302706. Governor’s Task Force to Determine the Method of Compensation for Victims of North Carolina’s Eugenics Board.   Final Report to the Governor of the State of North Caroline (Pursuant to Executive Order 83).   Raleigh, NC, 2011. Hutchinson, Woods. The Importance of Negative Eugenics Or the Prevention of Ill-Bornness.,. The American Journal of Public Health 3 (1913): 238-42. Knapp, Andrew, and Dave Munday. Lawyers Say Woman, 50, Died after Being ‘deprived of Water’ at Charleston County Jail. Post and Courier. February 24, 2016. Accessed April 21, 2016. http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20160224/PC16/160229636. Lee, Lawrence, M.D. THE NEGRO AS A PROBLEM IN PUBLIC HEALTH CHARITY. The American Journal of Public Health 5 (1915): 207-10. Patterson, Andrea. Germs and Jim Crow: The Impact of Microbiology on Public Health Policies in Progressive Era American South.Journal of the History of Biology  42, no. 3 (Fall 2009): 529-59. doi:10.1007/s10739-008-9164-x. [1] Jennifer Jee-Lyn Garcà ­a, Ph.D. and Mienah Zulfacar Sharif, MPH, Black Lives Matter: A Commentary on Racism and Public Health,  Am J Public Health American Journal of Public Health105, no. 8 (August 2015): e27, doi:10.2105/ajph.2015.302706. [2] Garcia and Sharif, e27 [3] Garcia and Sharif, e27 [4] Lawrence Lee, M.D., THE NEGRO AS A PROBLEM IN PUBLIC HEALTH CHARITY.,  The American Journal of Public Health  5 (1915): 207. [5] Buck v. Bell.  274th  ed. Vol. 200. U.S. Supreme Court, 1927. [6] Woods Hutchinson, The Importance of Negative Eugenics Or the Prevention of Ill-Bornness.,  AJPH  3 (1913): 238. [7] Gregory Michael Dorr, STERILIZE THE MISFITS PROMPTLY†: Virginia Controls the Feebleminded., in Segregations Science: Eugenics and Society in Virginia(University of Virginia Press, 2008). [8] Garcia and Sharif, e27 [9] Dorr, 112 [10] Dorr, 111 [11] Dorr, 129 [12] Dorr, 113 [13] Andrea Patterson, Germs and Jim Crow: The Impact of Microbiology on Public Health Policies in Progressive Era American South,  Journal of the History of Biology  42, no. 3 (Fall 2009): 541, doi:10.1007/s10739-008-9164-x. [14] Patterson, 529 [15] L. C. Allen, M.D., THE NEGRO HEALTH PROBLEM.,  The American Journal of Public Health  5 (1915): 194. [16] Allen, 195 [17] Allen, 194 [18] Allen, 200 [19] Hutchinson, 240 [20] Governor’s Task Force to Determine the Method of Compensation for Victims of North Carolina’s Eugenics Board.   Final Report to the Governor of the State of North Caroline (Pursuant to Executive Order 83).   Raleigh, NC, 2011, D-10 [21] Mary T. Bassett, M.D., M.P.H., #BlackLivesMatter — A Challenge to the Medical and Public Health Communities,  The New England Journal of Medicine  372, no. 12 (March 19, 2015): 1085, accessed March 11, 2016. [22] Dorr, 120 [23] Garcia and Sharif, e28 [24] Governor’s Task Force to Determine the Method of Compensation for Victims of North Carolina’s Eugenics Board, D-10. [25] Andrew Knapp and Dave Munday, Lawyers Say Woman, 50, Died after Being ‘deprived of Water’ at Charleston County Jail, Post and Courier, February 24, 2016, accessed April 21, 2016, http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20160224/PC16/160229636. [26] Garcia and Sharif, e28 [27] Garcia and Sharif, e27